ABSTRACT
Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) remains a devastating complication in subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), however, there were no present reports that is associated with a ruptured spinal arteriovenous fistula (sAVF). We would like to present a rare case of DCI following embolization of a ruptured perimedullary sAVF. Initially, the patient clinical symptoms mimic a SAH caused by a ruptured intracranial aneurysm. Further evaluation revealed that the SAH was caused by a ruptured perimedullary sAVF and the patient’s condition improved following the embolization procedure. Three days later, the patient developed an acute left-sided facial and motor weakness, which persisted until the patient was discharged on the day-15 onset. A magnetic resonance imaging and angiography is performed 1.5 years after discharge and revealed no signs of cerebral infarction and hemorrhage. In this paper, we reported DCI after embolization in a ruptured sAVF with SAH, supported by evidence from the current literature. We would like to also stress the importance of complete spinal and cerebral vessel imaging to reveal the underlying abnormalities and determine the most appropriate intervention.
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the outcome of two different curriculum in clinical pathology using students' retention capacity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2017. There were two groups of students enrolled in clinical pathology course. A retention test therefore was conducted 5 months after the course had finished using 25 multiple choice questions-single best answer. Comparisons of means are determined by Mann-Whitney U-test using SPSS version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, USA). RESULTS: A total of 280 students participated in the study of a 5-month post-course evaluation, and the average for the first group (n=138) is 10.93±3.57 while the second group (n=142) average is 8.56±3.19. The difference between the first and the second group are statistically significant (p<0.00001). CONCLUSION: The group with longer duration and more number of parallel courses had a higher retention score. Further research using retention test in different courses should be conducted to analyze which curriculum that promotes students' understanding of medical knowledge.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Curriculum , Education, Medical , Indonesia , Pathology, ClinicalABSTRACT
PURPOSE@#To compare the outcome of two different curriculum in clinical pathology using students' retention capacity.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2017. There were two groups of students enrolled in clinical pathology course. A retention test therefore was conducted 5 months after the course had finished using 25 multiple choice questions-single best answer. Comparisons of means are determined by Mann-Whitney U-test using SPSS version 23.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, USA).@*RESULTS@#A total of 280 students participated in the study of a 5-month post-course evaluation, and the average for the first group (n=138) is 10.93±3.57 while the second group (n=142) average is 8.56±3.19. The difference between the first and the second group are statistically significant (p<0.00001).@*CONCLUSION@#The group with longer duration and more number of parallel courses had a higher retention score. Further research using retention test in different courses should be conducted to analyze which curriculum that promotes students' understanding of medical knowledge.